October 31

I’m sure you’ve heard the story about Jesus healing the blind man by using spit; it’s short but packed full of information. Here’s the scripture:

And they came to Bethsaida. And some people brought to him a blind man and begged him to touch him. And he took the blind man by the hand and led him out of the village, and when he had spit on his eyes and laid his hands on him, he asked him, “Do you see anything?” And he looked up and said, “I see people, but they look like trees, walking.” Then Jesus laid his hands on his eyes again; and he opened his eyes, his sight was restored, and he saw everything clearly. And he sent him to his home, saying, “Do not even enter the village.” Mark 8:22-26

The lesson to be learned from these scriptures can be summed up by the following observations.

1. The faithful prayer of friends can bring healing to the lost soul.

2. Jesus is the one who leads us away from the unbelievers; in this case, Bethsaida had rejected Jesus.

3. It’s a gradual process to have your eyes opened; you may not see clearly in the beginning. This man only saw trees.

4. When you realize that you do not see clearly, he will touch you again for clarification. Make sure you tell Jesus when you don’t understand his Word.

5. Once you’ve rejected Jesus, you may never see the good he had intended for you; again, look at Bethsaida.

I wrote the portion you just read yesterday without including a physical element. It’s mostly about scripture, and have found that people prefer a personal story, that’s why I didn’t publish it. 

Later in the day, I had a friend call me, who has been fighting cancer and is in stage 4 with very little hope for a cure. Hundreds of people have been praying for him. He has never given up hope. He began taking an experimental medication as a last-ditch effort to combat this horrible disease, and it’s working! His numbers went from nearly 400, which is no hope at all, down to almost 0, increasing his lifespan by nearly a decade. God has heard the prayers of his friends, and he is in the process of healing. The people that looked like trees are becoming clearer, and his life is being restored. When someone asks you to pray for them, don’t just say you will and walk away, pray for them. The LORD hears the prayers of the faithful, so pray earnestly.

October 30

There is darkness swirling around this time of year; I sometimes forget about it, like this year! My writing becomes labored, and frankly, kind of bad. The influence of evil forces, relishing the people who worship them, brings them out to clutter the airwaves, and jumble my perception. This year is probably worse than ever because of this election. If you’ve let your guard down, it’s time to armor up. One good thing is that it’s only a few days out of the year; after tomorrow, they will go back into hiding, only to come out when they sense you are about to sin or when evil people are dancing in the streets flaunting their disdain for Jesus. 

The reason I know this is true is that 30 years ago, I was preparing to give birth about this time. My life reads like a parable; probably yours too; I just happen to notice mine, that’s why I know this is true. After Halloween, the airwaves cleared, and on November 4th, I gave birth to a precious little boy who stole my heart. First, there is darkness, then a bright light that brings joy. The world we live in is dark, but Jesus came to give us hope for everlasting light and life. Don’t be discouraged; our time on this earth may be finite, but eternity and living in the light, is forever. Relish your time of living in the light of Jesus in the here and now and know that we are privileged and that there is more to come.

As a side note: Don’t become too overzealous and condemn people because of Halloween, but we as Christ-followers should not participate.

"Again Jesus spoke to them, saying, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.”" John 8:12

October 29

A few days ago, I decided to pour some bird feed into a plate and place it on my patio table. My dogs go crazy over the squirrels, so I thought it would be fun to attract them into my yard and give them a reason to bark. The fun thing is that the cardinals love to eat off the table too; I’ve seen a few enjoying the free buffet rather than the feeder. The problem is that it’s messy! I don’t mind the mess. I’ve also noticed that the squirrels have come to the table because they've opened the sunflower seeds, though I haven’t seen them eating. 

Ministry works this same way. Ministry can be messy, but if we don’t put the food out in different areas, it won’t be diverse enough to attract the masses. I just keep putting food on the table of social media, and in other areas of my life, like many of you do. I don’t always see the squirrels eating the food, but I know that they’ve been to the table when I notice their posts and their lives changing; I didn’t even know they were eating! 

Jesus did the miracle of feeding the thousands twice. One time was during Passover, and the next time was just an ordinary day. He gave them bread. He called himself the bread of life and told us his body was the bread and that we should eat from him. He put the food out for all of us; we need to eat it!

And they ate and were satisfied. And they took up the broken pieces left over, seven baskets full. Mark 8:8

October 28

Preparing to build new duplexes has been a grueling process. It has taken nearly two years just to get the paperwork right so we could break ground. We broke ground and are finally ready to call for the first inspection, only to find out that the permits have not been input into the computers as required. I prepared the notice of commencement just like they instructed, but they only picked up on one permit, and there are six. This pandemic has made communication nearly impossible, and just like any governmental organization, the left-hand doesn’t know what the right hand is doing. The bureaucracy has made it almost impossible for an ordinary person to maneuver through, and it’s even more now that they are trying to go paperless. The main problem is they haven’t changed the rules to fit the new requirements. The new way should be easier and less subjective, but they are still trying to live by the old rules when the new should make it more straightforward and precise.

This process is similar to the Old Testament law with all the bureaucracy that added fence laws to “protect” the people when all it did was confuse them and make it impossible for them to be clean and free from sin. Then Jesus comes along, explaining what God meant by the law, wiping out all the garbage religion had added. Unfortunately, religion still adds junk that doesn’t belong by calling it a tradition. Just because it’s called tradition doesn’t mean it’s biblical. Assess the religious rules you are following and compare it to the New Testament to make sure you are following God’s Word, rather than denominational requirements.

“So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets. Matthew 7:12

October 27

One of the things I find most delightful in my walk with Jesus is hearing the voice of God. Though I’ve never heard it audibly, God has given me the ability to discern between his voice and my thoughts. He speaks to us all the time, though most people don’t realize it; as soon as your ears open, it registers that you’ve heard him all along.

Hearing his voice didn’t happen overnight; it took me doing a couple of Bible studies before it finally kicked in. The first one was Experiencing God by Henry Blackaby; it is an extensive study with a lot of homework, but it was well worth the work I put into it. The second is Discerning the Voice of God by Pricilla Shirer, it’s not as long, and it has accompanying audio teaching. I began journaling during these studies and finally got the courage to post some of what I was hearing. 

This morning, as I was reading and diligently combing through the scriptures in an orderly fashion, I came upon one of the miracles of Jesus. He had healed a deaf man who had a speech impediment; he first opened his ears so he could hear, then he loosed his tongue. Doesn’t that sound familiar? I genuinely believe this is what he does for us; once you begin hearing him, you have no trouble bringing the truth about Jesus to others. I’m not saying you have to do those two studies to hear him as I did, but it helped me seek him more diligently and has kept me in his Word more consistently. However, you need to know that the scriptures are his voice, and he will refer you back to them in every situation; so if you don’t become a habitual student of the scriptures, you may never hear his voice clearly. 

And looking up to heaven, he sighed and said to him, “Ephphatha,” that is, “Be opened.” And his ears were opened, his tongue was released, and he spoke plainly. Mark 7:34-35

Here’s a question for the thinkers; why did Jesus sigh?

October 26

We have all seen things happen that can only be attributed to God; miracles or revelations that made an impact on our lives. However, when it comes to believing, we sometimes falter when he tells us to have faith and trust him with our everyday lives. Why? Our hearts are hardened.

One time we were having the electric company help us make our home energy efficient, and because I’m at home most of the time and seldom exposed to others, I decided that my home was my ministry, and that anyone who entered would hear about Jesus. The man who came had left, and I had forgotten to tell him about Jesus, so I prayed. I heard a knock at the door and there he was, he had forgotten to do one thing. That was one prayer answered. When he went back to his truck I asked God to tell me something about him, and I heard God say that he had a sister who was sick. So, when he came back in, I asked him about his sister; he was floored that I knew she was sick, so I told him how I knew, and his faith in God was strengthened. Two prayers answered. Side note: if you ask God for opportunities to share a word about him, he will answer that prayer quickly. Most of the time we don’t ask because of fear.

When I read about the disciples and their lack of belief, I wonder why? It’s because we as humans easily forget the things God has done in our lives or the lives of others. Today, ask God to give you a tender heart, a heart that remembers all the things he has done; it will make it much easier to share him with others if you remember.

Jesus had just fed the 5,000 with the help of the disciples, and this happened next:

but when they saw him walking on the sea they thought it was a ghost, and cried out, for they all saw him and were terrified. But immediately he spoke to them and said, “Take heart; it is I. Do not be afraid.” And he got into the boat with them, and the wind ceased. And they were utterly astounded, for they did not understand about the loaves, but their hearts were hardened. Mark 6:49-52

October 25

Don’t you love to eat? Eating is probably my favorite thing to do. Every time there is a celebration, there is food, yummy, delectable morsels that satisfy our taste buds and give us life and strength. If you think about it, our lives revolve around food.

You must eat to keep up your strength. In Genesis, upon creating Adam and Eve, he gave them food to eat. In Mark, Jesus raised a little girl from the dead and told her parents to give her something to eat. When Jesus was raised from the dead, he made himself breakfast; he ate and fed his disciples. Eating proves an appetite and that there is life within you. 

When you accepted Jesus as your Savior and followed that by baptism, it was symbolic of being raised from the dead, and you were given a new life. Do you have a healthy appetite for God’s Word? You should be feasting on the scriptures to prove you are alive and to help you remain strong and spiritually healthy.

Taking her by the hand he said to her, “Talitha cumi,” which means, “Little girl, I say to you, arise.” And immediately the girl got up and began walking (for she was twelve years of age), and they were immediately overcome with amazement. And he strictly charged them that no one should know this, and told them to give her something to eat. Mark 5:41-43

October 24

I, like many of you, have been fretting over this election, so much so that it has become an obsession, and like any obsession, it’s unhealthy. It’s just getting worse as each day passes, especially after reading that a record number of young people have voted, which automatically leads me to believe that they will turn the vote away from pro-life. I was praying this morning, knowing that God is hearing from his elect who are petitioning him repeatedly concerning the turmoil we are in and what we expect to face. As usual, I turned to the scriptures for comfort. I’m in the book of Mark, combing through the parables, but it’s time to move to the next chapter, but I didn’t feel ready, so I backtracked and decided to read the last section of Mark 4, and like usual, Jesus is there asking me and all of us “Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?” I broke down in tears because here is his answer to our storm. 

I don’t like being in the middle of a storm; it robs me of my tranquility and puts me into the fight or flight mentality. Here I am searching the globe to try and find a place to go to get away from these reprobates who are wreaking havoc on our society, and there is no such place anymore; we're living in the last frontier, and here is Jesus, speaking words to calm the storm, “Peace! Be still!” I know I’m not alone in this; I read your posts. Today is Saturday, the Sabbath; let's use this day to rest our weary minds and focus on Jesus. Then tomorrow, we will be ready to praise and worship him on his day, the LORD’s day. He is our peace in the middle of the storm; there’s no need to worry, he’s in the boat with us!

And he awoke and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, “Peace! Be still!” And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm. He said to them, “Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?” Mark 4:39-40

October 23

What talents and gifts do you have that are from the LORD that are sitting unused? He has given us all a measure, but if we don’t use them to benefit his kingdom for his glory, he will take them away. However, when you put them to use, he will give you more. Jesus explains this in the parable of the lamp; you need to let your light shine for all to see, and not hide it under a basket. What if it’s your talent or gift that is necessary to shed light for all to see the evil that is hidden in the darkness? Use it or lose it! 

And he said to them, “Is a lamp brought in to be put under a basket, or under a bed, and not on a stand? For nothing is hidden except to be made manifest; nor is anything secret except to come to light. If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear.” And he said to them, “Pay attention to what you hear: with the measure you use, it will be measured to you, and still more will be added to you. For to the one who has, more will be given, and from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.” Mark 4:21-25

October 22

I don’t think I’m the only one feeling stress right now, but even with only 12 days left until the election, I don’t think it will go away any time soon. As one of my friends puts it, “so we pray!” Lately, I’ve been praying more than ever. I’m ready for all of this to be over and have some normalcy restored. 

When you are praying, pray for our fellow Christians in Lagos, Nigeria, they are facing times of trouble and need for us to come together as their brothers and sisters in Christ and bring our petitions before God on their behalf. Many young, peaceful protesters were killed by government soldiers and left to die in the streets, while the soldiers blocked the ambulances from going in to help. This atrocity was uncalled for and procured by their corrupt government.

Will we as Americans face this same thing if a corrupt regime takes office? You can count on it. So we pray. The world has gone mad, so we pray. Pray for peace in your heart that only Jesus can give. Praying for someone else will help bring healing to us. In this world, you will have trouble, but Jesus has overcome the world.

I have said these things to you, that in me you may have peace. In the world you will have tribulation. But take heart; I have overcome the world.” John 16:33

October 21

There are days that I have a lightbulb moment while reading the scriptures, and something obvious is highlighted and explains the situation of today. It’s a sad commentary, and maybe the separation of the goats and the sheep in modern Christianity. Many “Christians” have eyes to see and ears to hear, but they can’t perceive it; I believe these are Christians in name only. Hate is not a trait of a Christian, so if you feel hatred toward anyone, you either need to ask forgiveness or seek salvation. 

There are Christians, in name only, who hate President Trump. I didn’t care for the Obama administration, but I never hated him. I know and love many people who call themselves Christian, that detest and have a severe hatred toward our President; their eyes and ears are closed, their hearts are hardened, and they need our prayer. These are the people who hear an amusing story and laugh at it, but do not understand its meaning, like in the parable of the sower who dropped seeds on rocky ground, and the seed sprang up quickly but had no depth. These are the people that the devil has hoodwinked, and they will be voting for the slaughter of innocent children who are locked in a womb. Hatred and murder are not a fruit of the Spirit.

If these people are successful and vote to install a product of the devil into the Whitehouse, where will we go if their socialistic administration has its way? There is no new land to which we can escape. Surrender everything you have to God today; it’s our only hope for freedom, both physically and mentally.

And he said to them, “To you has been given the secret of the kingdom of God, but for those outside everything is in parables, so that “‘they may indeed see but not perceive, and may indeed hear but not understand, lest they should turn and be forgiven.’” Mark 4:11-12

October 20

We’re back at home. I’m happy to be out of the cold weather; this Florida blood can’t take those lower temperatures. We did most everything we wanted to do while in the mountains, and have no regrets for the things we didn’t do, but I can’t say that in general; there are things that I didn’t do when I was younger that I regret and I tend to beat myself up over them. 

One recent regret is not insisting that my mother stay the night at my house after the long drive back. It was still early, and her drive home is just an hour away, so I never thought about it again. On her way home, she got into a fender-bender. It wasn’t her fault, but if I had insisted she stay, her car would still be intact. I’ve been beating myself up over it since last night.

There are some things I have to remember; she wasn’t hurt, but she’s probably sore from the jolt, and nothing that either of us did was the cause of this; it was just an unfortunate accident. 

I know a lot of people torture themselves over the things of the past, but God has removed them from his view through your covering of Jesus. Try to let those things go; God can’t see them, and what other people think about you doesn’t matter. Let it go, and live the best life you can from this day forward without looking back in regret.

“Remember not the former things, nor consider the things of old. Isaiah 43:18

October 19

It’s incredible the difference a little bit of time can make. We were at the cabin in Georgia ten days ago to do some work. It was raining then and slightly cool, and the leaves had hardly begun to change. Two weeks later, the leaves have changed color, are beginning to fall, the weather has cleared, and is much cooler. The difference is dramatic, and it shows how time transforms things. If you are going through a difficult situation today, wait; as the days pass, you will see it change, and hopefully, it will be for the better. However, remember whether your days are good or bad, God is in your midst; rely on him to get you through when it’s bad, but don’t forget to give him praise, and worship him through the shift in your season.

“And there will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and on the earth distress of nations in perplexity because of the roaring of the sea and the waves, people fainting with fear and with foreboding of what is coming on the world. For the powers of the heavens will be shaken. And then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. Now when these things begin to take place, straighten up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.” Luke 21:25-28

October 17

Because of a cold front coming in, we had a mostly overcast day while “leaf looking” in the mountains. We could see the colors, but because of the lack of light, they were somewhat muted. As the day wore on, the clouds broke, and the sun came from behind the clouds and lit up the trees so we could see the spectacular reds and yellows. Though we had some good color in the foothills, we decided to travel to a small town called Highlands; I like Highlands because it is meticulously manicured, and I like things clean and neat. My friends have a home there, so we decided to drive up and look at it. They didn’t tell me that the road was steep and had a few hairpin turns before getting to it. I had to get out of the car once we got there to settle down a bit before the drive into town. They have a breathtaking view of the mountains! When we got into the higher elevations, the colors took on a dramatic change and were vivid; the cooler temperatures must have brought on the color a little earlier than the lower elevations. Though the road was winding and steep, we saw the most striking beauty on that short detour before heading home. My analogy of this day is the closer you get to God, the more beautiful the scenery, but I’m not referring to your physical elevation; I’m comparing it to our growing love for the Lord, the closer you get to him, the more beautiful he becomes, and the life we live upon this earth has a real purpose. 

One thing have I asked of the LORD, that will I seek after: that I may dwell in the house of the LORD all the days of my life, to gaze upon the beauty of the LORD and to inquire in his temple. For he will hide me in his shelter in the day of trouble; he will conceal me under the cover of his tent; he will lift me high upon a rock. Psalms 27:4-5

October 16

I’m intrigued by the waterfall beside the cabin. One thing that can be seen is two small creeks that run into a small lake that then spills over to create the cascade of the waterfall. You would expect that a raging river would make such as this, but that is not the case for this fall. What is the explanation for it? The lake is merely a pool that holds the water before it is funneled toward a dam that directs it to run in a specific direction, which, in our case, is right by our cabin. It creates such beautiful scenery that I can hardly get enough of it. If you think about it, that’s how the Holy Spirit works; he begins as a trickle when you first become saved, but as you increase in the knowledge of God, your faith increases and in turn the Spirit within you advances. The sound is soothing, and because it’s flowing down from a mountain, it’s cold, crisp, and refreshing. I hope to someday become like a gushing waterfall, spilling over, and flowing into a raging river of living water. It’s a worthy goal, and will be accomplished as long as I keep my eyes on God. Consider setting a spiritual goal, and watch as God works with you to achieve his purpose, and sends a rushing flow of living water that spills on everyone you meet.

On the last day of the feast, the great day, Jesus stood up and cried out, “If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, ‘Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.’” John 7:37-38

October 15

My mom and I are headed up to the mountains to see the seasonal color of the changing leaves that we don’t get to see here in Florida. So as I prepared, I decided to clean out my car and run it through the car wash; because I don’t want complete strangers judging me on my filthy car. It’s been a long time since I’ve sat in my car as it goes through the cleaning process. As it began, I glanced down at my phone for just a second, and when I looked back up, it was dark and scary! The brushes, foam, and the water spraying caused the car to become completely covered, and I couldn’t see a thing. It finally rolled closer to the end, and the sprayer began to rinse the suds, and the blower began to dry it off, and I could see the light at the end. What a grueling process! If I didn’t know what was going on and where I would end up, I would have been full of fear. 

Here is the lesson I learned; living in the world is not easy, and it’s becoming a lot harder to live in, especially as a Christian, but God has us encapsulated, like me being safe inside my car. In the end, we will be clean and living in the light of Jesus. Put your fear away, and trust that God is in control.

Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me. Psalms 23:4

October 14

We’ve had some trouble with the reception on our television lately. It’s a smart TV, but its connection to our internet seems a little sketchy. It’s getting a bit obnoxious when watching, and suddenly you get that twirling ball and a blank screen.

There are days when I feel like I’m getting that twirling ball and a blank screen when trying to hear God’s voice, and I’m unsure of myself and question my reception; am I tuned in or out of tune? On those days, I rely heavily on the scriptures and the perception of a trusted commentator and Bible scholar. That keeps my teaching on-point and truthful. Consulting the scriptures is the right thing to do; even when you are sure you hear God’s voice, it helps to confirm and keeps you from taking God’s Word out of context. The scriptures are God’s voice, and you can guarantee that what you hear him say to you will not go against what the scriptures tell you. 

I don’t mean to pry into your lives, but I’m seeing a lot of twirling balls on your screens, and believe you need to plug in the cable and consult the scripture for clarity. Don’t go another day with a fuzzy screen and a twirling ball.

All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work. 2 Timothy 3:16-17

October 13

Lately, those who’ve come out fighting are doing it to disguise their lies. The darkness is being uncovered and brought into the light. Scandal after scandal on the evil side of politics is exposed. When real journalists begin following the money, the truth comes out and what we are experiencing here in the United States becomes clear. For too many years, the American people have been gullible, and taken advantage of by the political swamp. Now that we have a no-nonsense leader, the swamp is getting drained like the Everglades. Soon we will build on prime property. The hypocrisy is unbelievable. I’m blown away by the number of Christians who have fallen for the deceit. God has a plan for all of the turmoil we are experiencing, and like it or not, he will prevail, and his plan will go forward with or without the help of so-called Christians. Pray that you are on the right side. Pray that you’re following biblical principles as you maneuver through this political climate. Pray that you have ears to hear. God help you if you follow the murderous into hell. 

Remember the lynch mob sent to get Jesus? They had nothing but lies to find him guilty, but eventually, the truth came out and the darkness was brought into the light. Our President is not Jesus, but he has been sent to help the real Christians.

The following scripture is happening right here, right now, just like in biblical times!

For nothing is hidden except to be made manifest; nor is anything secret except to come to light. If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear.” And he said to them, “Pay attention to what you hear: with the measure you use, it will be measured to you, and still more will be added to you. For to the one who has, more will be given, and from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.” Mark 4:22-25

October 12

My computer was malfunctioning; it became locked in a thinking state with a twirling rainbow ball spinning and spinning. It sat unused for months because the Apple store shut down because of COVID, and the repair business they refer to was too backed up to take on new clients. Apple finally opened, and I made an appointment to have it checked; there was good news and bad news. The good news is that it was repairable; the bad news was that the memory would be wiped clean. Now I start fresh, but because most of my business files were on that computer, I will have to retype all my lease forms and create all-new spreadsheets, financial statements, and property lists. The good thing about this is that everything will be fresh and up-to-date, and I will have clean, verified information going forward. 

When you became a Christ-follower, your slate was wiped clean; fortunately, but unfortunately, we get to keep our memory. That’s why it’s up to you to reprogram yourself and start clean. Just like me rewriting my forms, I will use them as a guide, but will make them better, and learn from them; you must also rewrite your life, using your old life as a guide, but now you have a clean copy, without the sin from the past blocking your blessings. Isn’t it amazing what Jesus can do? Learn from him.

Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come. 2 Corinthians 5:17

October 11

As a Christian, you are a servant of Jesus; he is your master. Each of us has received a substantial gift from him that he expects us to invest in others. If you think Jesus is passive, you have mischaracterized him! He doesn’t chase us around with a whip, but he does expect us to be obedient and invest our gift to increase his power, wealth, wisdom, strength, honor, glory, and praise. He is worthy of all of these things, and every faithful servant should increase them. Some will increase the gift, but unfortunately, many will bury it and bring it out when he comes to rule on the earth, but that will be too late; those who hid the gift may end up in hell. 

I know what you are thinking; what gift did he give us that we haven’t invested? The Holy Spirit! We each received the special gift when we accepted Jesus as Savior, but if it sits dormant and doesn’t increase, in the end, he may say that he never knew you. It would be like receiving a ticket to the Super Bowl, but locking it away in a vault and never using it to get into the game. Is Jesus’s investment in you increasing? If not, it’s time to use that ticket to get into the game!

How do you get into the game or invest the Holy Spirit? It’s steps of faith. The more you trust him, the more trust he gives you. When your confidence in him increases, you are less likely to worry about what others think of you, and you will tell everyone about him. The more people you bring, the more they will bring, and so on. That’s how the Kingdom increases. Start with your children and family; they are your first order of business; it’s like putting money in the bank!

For to everyone who has will more be given, and he will have an abundance. But from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away. Matthew 25:29

Read the full parable in Matthew 25.